Here's an explanation of mRNA vaccines (like the covid vaccines) from the University of Cambridge in the UK.
https://www.phgfoundation.org/briefing/rna-vaccines. It was published in 2018, so there has been no politicizing of the content to suit government policy.
It seems that the technology is quite exciting and potentially game changing. However, a couple of key takeaways from this report are that "there is still a lot of work to be done before mRNA vaccines can become standard treatments, in the meantime, we need a better understanding of their potential side effects, and more evidence of their long term efficacy" and "safety: better understanding of vaccine adverse effects is needed – these can include inflammation or autoimmune reactions."
Based in part on these cautions, from a well respected British university no less, I will be not be taking the covid vaccine for now...